Colonial+British+Period

Colonial British By: Brent Goldschmidt and Brian Luttmer



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**__^^^VOKI^^^__**

**__EVENTS__** **1607-Virginia Colony is founded** **1620-1640-Puritans start colonizing New England** **1736-the first newspaper in the colonies, the Virginia Gazette was formed**

__**CHARACTERIST**____**ICS**__- The major theme during this time period was definitely satire. Many books were written to sideswipe the throne and expose the ridiculousness of the hierarchy of power. This would eventually work its way across the Atlantic Ocean to plant seeds about the Revolution ultimately. The use of playwrights was greatly diminished and those that were written were mostly parodies of plays or were tongue-in-cheek. This was also a rise in the use of the novel, which helped set a template for the use of satire during this time period.

**__AUTHORS__** __John Bunyan-__ (November 28, 1628-August 31, 1688)an English preacher who helped spread the Puritan beliefs. He was imprisoned multiple times because of his preaching. He was forced to raise four children (one who was blind) after his wife died. He eventually went on the write the Pilgrim's Passage, which is considered one of the best religious texts in British Literature. He eventually became the priest at St. John's Church

__Alexander Pope-__(May 21, 1688- May30, 1744) An English poet who is best known for his satire and his translations from Homer. He is known as the third most frequently quoted author in the Oxford Dictionary of Quotations. Years after his death, his works were seen as untrue to the human spirit but his works would later be revived

__Jonathan Swift-__(November 30, 1667-October 19, 1745) A writer best known for his book Gulliver's Travels. He was a foremost satirical prose writer of the time period. he wrote most of his works as either anonymous or under a pseudonym. A very prolific writer and he also wrote poetry, which is not as famous . __Daniel Defoe- (__1659-April 24, 1731) An English writer who started to popularize the novel form of writing. He has written about 500 books and other works. He is also credited for being a pioneer of economic journalism as well. His most famous work is Robinson Crusoe which is about a man stranded on an island for twenty-eight years after his ship wrecked and left him stranded.

__Samuel Johnson-__(September 18, 1709-December 13, 1784) An English poet and essayist who's is credited as having a major effect on British during his time. He created a Dictionary of the English Language, which was the preeminent English dictionary until the Oxford English Dictionary was later created. He wrote many pamphlets and essays that opposed the English government and was known as a great critic of literature and government.

__**MAJOR WORKS**__ __Gulliver's Travels-__ One of the first full-length novels of English literature. Written by Johnathon Swift, the book is a satire on human nature and a parody of other traveling themed books during the time period. The book was very popular as soon as it was published and has been republished time and again since its creation.

__Tale of a Tub-__ Johnathon Swift's very first novel. The book is considered a satire on religion. For this reason, obviously this book was very criticized for its content given the time period. The novel made Swift famous for the first time, which escalated him to achieve new heights later on with his other works.

__The Rape of the Lock-__ a poem written by Alexander Pope. The poem is a satire about petty fights between people. The poem satires this them by comparing these events in the world of Greek gods which makes the arguments seem even more ridiculous.

__The Pilgrim's Progress-__ a major work about Christian allegory in England. The book has been considered one of the most important works about Christianity during this time period. It was written by John Bunyan while he was imprisoned in separate times.

__Two Treatises of Government-__ a book about political philosophy by John Locke. This book is very important because it outlined what would later become our Declaration of Independence. This book explains his ideas about the people should rule government instead of monarchies. This provided fuel to the fire for the American Revolution later on.

//**Mourning**// by Andrew Marvell
 * __Poem Analysis__ **

**//i//** You, that decipher out the Fate Of humane Off-springs from the Skies, What mean these Infants which of late Spring from the Starrs of //Chlora//'s Eyes?

**//ii//** Her Eyes confus'd, and doubled ore, With Tears suspended ere they flow; Seem bending upwards, to restore To Heaven, whence it came, their Woe:

**//iii//** When, molding off the watry Sphears, Slow drops unty themselves away; As if she, with those precious Tears, Would strow the ground where //Strephon//lay.

**//iv//** Yet some affirm, pretending Art, Her Eyes have so her Bosome drown'd, Only to soften near her Heart A place to fix another Wound.

**//v//** And, while vain Pomp does her restrain Within her solitary Bowr, She courts her self in am'rous Rain; Her self both //Danae// and the Showr.

**//vi//** Nay others, bolder, hence esteem Joy now so much her Master grown, That whatsoever does but seem Like Grief, is from her Windows thrown.

**//vii//** Nor that she payes, while she survives, To her dead Love this Tribute due; But casts abroad these Donatives, At the installing of a new.

**//viii//** How wide they dream! The //Indian// Slaves That sink for Pearl through Seas profound, Would find her Tears yet deeper Waves And not of one the bottom sound.

**//ix//** I yet my silent Judgment keep, Disputing not what they believe: But sure as oft as Women weep, It is to be suppos'd they grieve.

**__ Analysis __**

__**Title:**__ Mourning

__**Author:**__ Andrew Marvell

__**Style:**__ Iambic Quadrameter - nor THAT she PAYES, while SHE surVIVES quadrameter-4 Line stanzas

__**Devices:**__ Personification, Allusion, LOTS of symbolism

**__Point of View:__** 3rd person. Uses "her" and the 3rd person "you"

**__Implied Meaning:__** When reading this poem, I thought that the author was trying to get out the tears come from emotions.

**__Literal Meaning:__** This poem throws you out for a loop by making it seem like PHYSICAL tears. However, I see these tears as more of a mental type of tears.The poem is about mourning, but i feel that the deeper meaning in it is how each of us takes mourning. In this case, the woman's tears almost seem to be tears of assurance. In stanza //**__iv__**//, the first line talks about an affirmative sense. And I can relate to this, although i haven't gone through any hard hitting loses yet, i know the feeling of being almost happy for someone passing on. Now this isn't meant in a demonic way, but more of a happy way because you just know that it's their time to pass away. So, I believe that the true meaning of this poem is of the tears of this woman being "filled" with true happiness due to the loss person now being found in a better place.

**__ SOURCES: __**

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